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Why Bitcoin’s “Four-Year Cycle” Actually Died

Why Bitcoin’s “Four-Year Cycle” Actually Died

Chris Campbell

Posted December 26, 2025

Chris Campbell

For years, Bitcoin has been explained through a simple story: every four years, the halving hits, supply drops, price explodes, then the cycle resets.

It’s neat. It’s intuitive. And it’s mostly wrong.

What looked like a “4-year Bitcoin cycle” wasn’t driven by the halving at all. It was driven by the world Bitcoin was born into.

Let me explain… and show you why the four year-cycle is dead..

And what’s coming next.

Post-GFC

Before the Global Financial Crisis, the dominant story was that financial cycles cleared themselves.

Excess leverage eventually met defaults. Bad capital structures failed. Recessions reset pricing, labor, and risk appetite. Central banks intervened mainly to smooth volatility, not to prevent failure outright.

The system functioned like a lung: expansion, contraction, recovery.

Stated plainly, there was still an assumption in markets that sovereign debt could be worked down over time. Not everywhere and not perfectly, yet the idea itself remained intact.

Debt was treated as cyclical: it rose in crises and wars, then receded through growth, inflation, and primary surpluses. Maturity schedules mattered because bonds were expected to end.

The government was the optimistic man with credit card debt.

He makes payments every month. The balance shrinks. Maybe slowly, maybe painfully, but it moves in one direction. Eventually, the card gets paid off.

That was the assumption about government debt. Not that it would disappear quickly, or easily—just that, over time, it would go away.

That worldview broke in 2008.

The crisis revealed modern finance had crossed a threshold where failure was no longer local. Debt sat everywhere at once—inside banks, pensions, insurance companies, sovereign balance sheets, and payment systems.

Letting the clearing happen would not have resulted in a normal recession, but a cascade that threatened settlement itself.

So the objective changed.

The Infinite Money Glitch

After 2008, governments shifted from debt retirement to debt management.

Bonds still came due, the same way bills do. When that happened, governments didn’t pay them off for good. They took out new loans to cover the old ones.

But this time, the total amount owed wasn’t expected to get smaller. It was expected to stay.

Instead of planning how to get rid of the debt, governments planned when to refinance it. The main concern shifted from “How do we pay this off?” to “How do we keep making the payments without something breaking?”

As a result, governments borrowed in ways that came due pretty quickly (short maturities). Shorter debt cleared easily, priced cheaply under near-zero policy rates, and offered flexibility, even though it concentrated refinancing pressure.

AND…

That meant large chunks of debt needed to be renewed every few years. When those moments approached, pressure built. Markets had to be willing to lend again, and at low enough rates.

When that pressure got uncomfortable, policymakers made sure there was plenty of cash in the system.

 Liquidity didn’t flow evenly. And it didn’t stay neatly contained inside bond markets, either. It spilled outward—into equities, into real estate, and eventually into Bitcoin. Bitcoin just happened to sit at the far end of the risk spectrum, so it reacted the hardest.

Over time, those waves averaged out to something close to four years. The halving was nearby on the calendar. The rally came after. And the market drew a straight line between the two.

The halving mattered at the margin—especially early on, when miner selling pressure was meaningful—but it wasn’t the clock. Liquidity was.

The reason the story stuck is because halvings are visible and macro plumbing isn’t. A protocol event is easier to point at than a debt maturity schedule.

Then COVID happened, and the machine changed.

The Metronome Broke

In short…

COVID triggered a structural rewrite of the financial system, not a temporary stimulus response.

Governments extended debt maturities. Emergency tools became permanent fixtures. Programs that were once framed as “crisis-only”—bond buying, backstops, special lending facilities—stayed in place. They became standing tools, not fire extinguishers behind glass.

Liquidity stopped arriving as an event. It became a background condition. And once that happened, neat, repeatable cycles stopped making sense.

The metronome broke.

So what does that mean looking ahead? It means the four-year cycle is dead. Bitcoin can still be bullish, but for very different reasons than in the past.

In a system where liquidity is always present, price no longer waits for a single release valve. It responds to drift. To dilution. To the quiet acknowledgment that debt will be managed, not resolved.

Bitcoin appreciates in that environment because it is one of the few assets that doesn’t depend on management to survive.It has no debt. No maturity wall. No refinancing risk. No need for policy accommodation to survive.

Brass tacks…

The bullish case no longer rests on a post-halving frenzy or a speculative crescendo, but on structure.

It also means crypto, as a whole, starts behaving like a selection environment.

The old model treated “crypto” as one trade. Liquidity turned on, everything went up. Liquidity turned off, everything died. That made sense when money arrived in bursts and left just as fast.

Now, that logic is broken.

When liquidity becomes a background condition rather than an event, capital stops chasing everything and starts discriminating. Not all tokens benefit just because Bitcoin does.

The irony is that this is healthier for crypto… and harsher for most crypto assets.

Increasingly, as many tokens fail or stagnate, some tokens compound from usage, utility, and strong value accrual. The race to settle faster, cheaper, and with less balance-sheet friction acts as an accelerant. So does global fragmentation. So does failure elsewhere.

So do the things crypto allows: new ways to coordinate capital, labor, and infrastructure that were impossible—especially in networks where contribution can be measured and rewarded directly.

Occasional panics still happen, but they don’t reset the board.

Of course, there is a bearish case… 

But it requires sustained positive real rates, shrinking debt relative to GDP, and political willingness to absorb years of pain without reaching for the printing press.

History is unconvinced.

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